项目名称: "蛋黄-蛋壳型"金属氧化物纳米反应器的可控制备及催化特性
项目编号: No.51302008
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 一般工业技术
项目作者: 崔志民
作者单位: 北京航空航天大学
项目金额: 25万元
中文摘要: 由于其出色的催化性能,"蛋黄-蛋壳型"纳米反应器正日益成为纳米材料研究领域的热点之一。然而,现有的"蛋黄-蛋壳型"纳米反应器的合成方法存在内核种类单一(主要为贵金属纳米颗粒)、结构较简单和空腔尺寸不可调等缺点。另外,纳米反应器中各种结构因素,例如内核的结构、空腔的大小、壳层的孔道等,对催化性能产生的影响目前也缺乏系统的研究。本项目拟发展一种高分子碳辅助的制备方法,以制备空腔尺寸可调的"蛋黄-蛋壳型"纳米反应器,并将内核种类扩展至具有各种不同形貌的金属氧化物。此外,利用本项目的合成方法还可以在金属氧化物纳米反应器制备过程中引入贵金属纳米颗粒,得到具有二元内核结构的纳米反应器。之后,本项目将进一步研究各种"蛋黄-蛋壳型"金属氧化物纳米反应器的催化性能,系统的归纳内核种类和结构、壳层厚度、壳层孔道及空腔尺寸等因素对催化性能的影响,为具有高活性和选择性的纳米反应器的设计提供理论基础。
中文关键词: 纳米反应器;蛋黄-蛋壳;催化;金属氧化物;介孔氧化硅
英文摘要: Yolk-shell strucutured nanoreactor is being intensively studied due to its superior catalytic activity and shape selective ability. There are some shortages, such as limited core types (commonly noble metal nanparticles), limited structures type, and untunable void size, etc. in the present synthesis method of yolk-shell strucutured nanoreactor. An easy, general method is desirable to produce yolk-shell strucutured nanoreactor. In addition, structure parameters of yolk-shell structured nanoreactor (such as the core types, core structure, void size) that influence the catalytic properties were not systematic studied. In this project, we will develop a polymeric-carbon assisted method to produce void size tunable yolk-shell strucutured nanoreactors and then expand the scope of application of the method to various types of metal oxides with different structures. In addition, thanks to the superiority of the present synthesis method, noble metal nanoparticles can be introduced into the yolk-shell strucutured metal oxide nanoreactor in the synthesis process to obtain binary core nanoreactors. The catalytic properties of various yolk-shell structured metal oxide nanoreactors will be also studied. The influence of types and structures of core, thickness and pores of shell, and void size to the catalytic properties will
英文关键词: nanoreactor;yolk/shell;catalysis;metal oxide;mesoporous silica