传质对全钒液流电池性能的影响

项目名称： 传质对全钒液流电池性能的影响

项目编号： No.51476107

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 能源与动力工程

项目作者： 孙红

作者单位： 沈阳建筑大学

项目金额： 83万元

中文摘要： 全钒液流电池是大规模蓄能的主要装置，能被广泛应用在太阳能蓄能、风能蓄能、电网调峰、汽车动力等领域。电流密度底、电解液失衡和容量降低是全钒液流电池应用中的主要瓶颈。对全钒液流电池进行传质分析，可以找到解决上述问题的方法。本项目主要通过宏观、介观和微观方法分别模拟全钒液流电池电极流场传质、电极石墨毡传质、电极电化学反应和质子交换膜传质等；通过质子交换膜传质实验、质子交换膜和石墨毡结构观测实验、全钒液流电池电极特性实验、全钒液流电池电流密度和交流阻抗分布实验，来验证全钒液流电池电极、质子交换膜和电极电化学反应的模拟数据，分析电池流场、石墨毡、质子交换膜、电池温度、电解液浓度、电池电场、电解液流量等结构和操作参数对全钒液流电池性能、正负极电解液平衡性、电池容量保持性、电池寿命等应用要素的影响，揭示全钒液流电池中的传质规律，为获得高性能、高可靠性、长寿命的全钒液流电池及突破其推广使用瓶颈奠定基础。

中文关键词： 全钒液流电池；传质；质子交换膜；分子模拟；电极

英文摘要： The vanadium redox flow battery is the key device to store electrical energy. It can be widely applied in the fields such as solar energy, wind energy, power grid peak shaving, automobile power system, and so on.The bottleneck problems blocking its large-scale applications are low current density, electrolyte imbalance and the decrease of electric capacity. These bottleneck problems will be solved by analyzing the mass transfer in the vanadium redox flow battery. In this project,the simulatins of the mass transfer in the flow field of electrode, in graphite felt of the electrode and in the proton exchange membrane, and electrochemical reaction in the electrode are carried respectively by the methodes of macro-simulation, pore-scale simulation and micro-simulation.the results gotten by the experiments of the mass transfer in the proton exchange membrane, of electrode characteristics, of current density distribution, of AC impendance, and SEM images of the electrode and the proton exchange membrane are used to verify these simulation data; To reveal the influence rule of the mass transfer, the simulation and experimental results are used to analyze the effects of the flow field structure, graphite felt, proton exchange membrane, cell temperature, concentration of the electrolyte, electrical field intensity, and flux of electrolyte on cell performance,the balance of the electrolyte in electrode, the stability of electric capacity and the cell lifetime. these research results are used to lay the foundation of obtaining a high characteristics, high reliability and long lifetime vanadium redox flow battery and breaking its bottleneck problems of application.

英文关键词： vanadium redox flow battery;mass transfer;proton exchange membrane;molecular simulation;electrode