类质同像置换对磁铁矿吸附-转化重金属性能的制约

项目名称： 类质同像置换对磁铁矿吸附-转化重金属性能的制约

项目编号： No.41302026

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 梁晓亮

作者单位： 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所

项目金额： 27万元

中文摘要： 磁铁矿对重金属的吸附-氧化还原作用，影响着这些元素在地球表面的迁移和转化过程。类质同像置换使磁铁矿的表面物理化学特征发生显著变化，将制约磁铁矿对重金属的吸附-转化性能。本项目围绕"类质同像置换对磁铁矿吸附-转化重金属性能的制约"这一科学问题，以合成掺杂磁铁矿为研究对象，采用谱学、微束、分子探针等技术研究类质同像置换磁铁矿的微结构特征和表面物理化学性质，重点采用吸附实验、表面分析以及微束技术研究重金属在类质同像置换磁铁矿表面的吸附特征、氧化还原特征、化学形态及其作用机制，阐明类质同像置换磁铁矿的原子局域结构特征、表面物理化学性质与吸附-转化重金属性能三者之间的构效关系，深刻理解磁铁矿族矿物在重金属污染物环境自净化过程中的作用机理，同时为此类矿物在重金属污染修复中的应用奠定理论基础。

中文关键词： 类质同像置换；磁铁矿；吸附；还原；重金属

英文摘要： The adsorption and redox transformation of heavy metals by magnetite, influence the transfer and transformation process of these metal elements. The isomorphous substitution in magnetite structure has made obvious varieties on the physico-chemical properties of magnetite surface, which should restrict the activity of magnetite in the adsorption and transformation of heavy metals. This project focuses the scientific problem how the isomorphous substitution restricts the activity of magnetite in the adsorption and transformation of heavy metals, by using synthetic substituted magnetites as main studied objects. The techniques of spectroscopies, microbeam and molecular probe are carried out to study the microstructure characters and surface physico-chemical properties of substituted magnetites. The adsorption characters, redox characters, chemical configuration and its interaction mechanism of heave metals on substituted magnetite surface are investigated with emphases by adsorption experiment, surface analysis and microbeam techniques. The aim of this study is to illustrate the structure-activity relationship among the characters of local atomic structure, surface physico-chemical properties and adsorption and redox activity of substituted magnetite to heavy metals. The obtained results will be of great significa

英文关键词： Isomorphous substitution；Magnetite；Adsorption；Reduction；Heavy metal