微米级多孔镍合金阴极材料的设计及构效关系研究

项目名称： 微米级多孔镍合金阴极材料的设计及构效关系研究

项目编号： No.51504213

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 吴靓

作者单位： 湘潭大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 具有较高催化活性的电解水析氢阴极是实现大规模、低成本制备氢气的关键材料，对氢能源的开发和利用具有重要意义。通过多种元素的合金化，设计适宜的孔结构，既能利用元素间的协同效应提高电极的析氢活性，改善材料的抗氧化性能，又能提高材料的比表面积，增加催化反应的活性中心，是合理设计电极的基本原则。本项目以Ni、Cr、Fe元素粉末为原料，采用粉末冶金方法制备具有微米级孔结构的多孔Ni-Cr-Fe合金电极，获得规模化生产三元多孔电极的可控制备方法。通过计算分析反应中的热力学数值和动力学过程来探究材料的造孔机制, 进行电解水过程中析氢反应的动力学参数和影响因素的系统研究以揭示析氢机理，阐明多孔合金电极材料的孔隙结构与析氢活性之间相互关系，最终形成完整的多孔电极设计理念，为合理设计和制备活性高、过电位低、性能稳定的新型析氢电极提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 多孔材料；合金化；扩散；烧结行为；构效关系

英文摘要： Cathode for hydrogen evolution reaction with good electrocatalytic activity is a key material for large-scale and low cost hydrogen production by water electrolysis, which is of great significance for the use and development of hydrogen energy.Through alloying various elements and designing appropriate pore structures, the activity for hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen resistance of electrodes can be elevated by the synergistic effect between the elements, and the activity center in catalyzed reaction can be increased by increasing the surface area of the materials which is the basic principle of reasonably designing the electrodes. In this project, element powders of Ni, Cr and Fe are used as raw materials as to prepare porous Ni-Cr-Fe alloys with micro-pore structure by means of powder metallurgy technology. The accomplishment of this project will help us to obtain a large-scale and controllable production method for ternary porous electrodes. The purpose of this project is to explore the mechanism of pore formation through calculating the thermodynamics values and discussing the dynamics process during the fabrication reaction and uncover the catalytic mechanism for hydrogen evolution reaction by systematic researching the kinetic parameters and impact factors in electrode process as to disclose the relationship of materials pore structure and electrocatalytic activity, and finally to build up the theory on design the porous catalysis electrodes. This work can help to provide elementary theoretical foundation and new methods for reasonable designing and preparing new electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction with high activity, low overpotential and good stability.

英文关键词： Porous materials;Alloying;Diffusion;Sintering behavior;Structure-property relationship