干湿与盐渍耦合作用下土遗址劣化过程与机理研究

项目名称： 干湿与盐渍耦合作用下土遗址劣化过程与机理研究

项目编号： No.51208245

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑环境与结构工程学科

项目作者： 崔凯

作者单位： 兰州理工大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 我国干旱、半干旱地区遗存的诸如明长城、西夏王陵等为数众多的土遗址在环境变化的影响下经历着由表面剥离、基础掏蚀凹进和土体开裂等病害大量发育到快速消亡的量质变过程。其中在集中降雨、强烈快速蒸发的气侯特征导致的干湿和盐渍耦合作用下土遗址产生劣化响应是最为典型和严重的过程之一。本研究拟以安西锁阳城、银川西夏王陵和西宁明长城三处典型土遗址为研究对象，开展多次集中式降雨过程环境与土遗址内部湿度、温度和盐度的观测实验，定量分析变化过程中遗址土体湿度、温度和盐度对环境响应程度与规律；在实地观测和结果分析的基础上，开展对掺入不同类型和数量盐分并经历多期次不同条件下干湿循环养护遗址土试样的物理、水理与力学性质以及微观结构分析的室内系统实验，揭示土遗址在干湿和盐渍耦合作用下相关性质的变化规律，阐明土遗址劣化机理与过程，并据此建立有效评估模型，为干旱地区土遗址的科学有效的保护提供参考与依据。

中文关键词： 土遗址；干湿；盐渍；劣化；演化进程

英文摘要： In arid and semi-arid regions of China, there are many earthen sites, such as Great Wall and mausoleum of Xixia which are experiencing different kinds of damages process such as surface detachment, backoff of wall bases and cracks induced by influence of environmental change. Deterioration response of the earthen sites caused coupling effects of wetting-drying cycle and salinity is one of the most important and commonly damage mechanisms, which is closely related to concentrated rainfall and strong and quick evaporation. This research will focus on the relics site of Suoyong city, mausoleum of Xixia dynasty and Xining Great Wall on Ming dynasty and study the change law of deterioration response based on the field observation of the temperature, humidity and salinity of the earthen sites. Based on the field observation and the analysis of observation data, a series of laboratory experiments will be conducted to investigate the mechanism of deterioration response of the earthen sites adopting macroscopic and microcosmic methods by measuring the physical, mechanical and hydraulic properties of samples from three earthen sites mentioned early and microstructure characteristics under different kinds and concentrations of salt testing conditions. The effective evaluation model will be developed in order to provide rea

英文关键词： Earthen sites；wetting-drying；salinized；degradation；developmental process