微波辅助合成木质素基二硫代氨基甲酸盐重金属离子捕捉剂及其机理研究

项目名称： 微波辅助合成木质素基二硫代氨基甲酸盐重金属离子捕捉剂及其机理研究

项目编号： No.21264002

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 李志礼

作者单位： 广西大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 针对目前合成二硫代氨基甲酸盐类重金属捕捉剂（DTC）中存在的问题，本课题提出以工业木质素作为安全无毒的天然高分子基体，通过Mannich反应和与CS2反应接入N、S配位原子；考虑到木质素高分子的复杂结构与其低反应活性等因素，采取微波辅助强化制备高效的木质素基二硫代氨基甲酸盐重金属捕捉剂（lignin-DTC）。该项目以碱木质素、水解木质素和甘蔗渣木质素为原料，与不同胺类化合物和CS2在碱性环境下于微波反应器中合成lignin-DTC。考察微波强化对木质素的结构特征的影响规律；考察微波强化对产物的结构、官能团含量、配位基团的接入率和分布，分子量大小和分布等的影响规律；研究微波辅助下木质素的反应动力学特性。揭示微波强化对产物性能的影响规律，开发出微波辅助合成lignin-DTC的新工艺，建立反应动力学模型和机理，为木质素的资源化利用提供理论依据和技术支持，具有极高的学术价值和重大的经济意义。

中文关键词： 微波；木质素；重金属；二硫代氨基甲酸盐；吸附

英文摘要： Considering the limitation of producing dithiocarbamate (DTC) for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous systems by amine compounds, polyethylene imine or starch, cellulose with CS2 under an alkaline environment, this project proposes lignin as a safe, nontoxic substitute for the synthesis of dithiocarbamate. Due to the complexity and high conjunction of lignin polymers, it is not active for chemical modifications. Microwave-assisted is going to adopt to promote the reactivity of lignin. The project will investigate the influence of microwave-assisted parameters on the structural properties, the distribution of molecular weight, surface area of lignins including alkaline lignin, hydrolysis lignin and sugar cane bagasse lignin. These properties and the functional groups content, chelating group content and its distribution of the target product (lignin-DTC) will be also investigated and discussed. The results will lead to the establishment of the reaction dynamic models and the reaction mechanisms. Finally the optimized synthesis process parameters of lignin-DTC will be proposed. This project is very important to the utilization of lignin as a biomass resource for curing environmental pollutions and is also meaningful for the sustainable development of our society.

英文关键词： microwave；lignin；heavy metal；dithiocarbamate；adsorption