大型异形件重型高效铣削技术及刀具失效机理研究

项目名称： 大型异形件重型高效铣削技术及刀具失效机理研究

项目编号： No.51205095

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械工程学科

项目作者： 程耀楠

作者单位： 哈尔滨理工大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 大型异形件在航空、航天及能源等领域应用日益广泛。大型异形件型面特征复杂，材质特殊，加工时材料去除量大。重型铣削作为大型异形件切削加工的一个主要方式,加工过程中切削冲击力大，切削温度高，易产生强冲击振动、热变形以及破坏应力等现象，加工质量差，刀具失效严重，加工效率低下。本项目以高温高强度钢超大型异形件水室封头的超重型铣削过程为研究对象，通过深入的理论研究和系统的切削试验，进行强力高效铣削技术研究，提出强力铣削运动幅叠加方法，揭示强机械冲击振动产生机理；研究重型高效铣削过程力、热动态特性并建立其分布模型，分析热-力耦合场分布对刀具性能的影响规律；分析研究交变热作用下的刀具材料形变特性以及超重型铣削过程破坏性应力产生机理，建立刀具服役能力模型，提出抑制破坏性应力产生的措施，为超重型铣刀设计提供理论依据，为实现稳定高效的难加工材料大型异形件重型铣削加工提供系统的理论支持。

中文关键词： 水室封头；重型切削；振动特性；硬质合金；失效机理

英文摘要： The large irregular parts are used more and more widely in the area of aerospace and energy resources and so on. The large irregular parts have complex surface characteristics, the materials of them are special, and when they are machined the large amount of material will be removed. Heavy milling is a primary means for machining the large special-shaped parts, in the milling process, the phenomenon of powerfully impact vibration, thermal deformation and destroy stress will be brought about owing to the huge cutting impact force and high cutting temperature, with the result that the machining quality is poor, the tools are damaged seriously and the machining efficiency is low. The main researching object of this project is on the heavy milling process of large special-shaped parts (The water tight compartment of nuclear reactor). Through doing deep theory research and systematic cutting experiments, the high-efficient milling technology will be studied, and the superposition method of motion amplitude of powerful milling will be also proposed, then the mechanism of powerful mechanical impact will be also revealed. The dynamic characteristics of the milling force and milling temperature were studied and the distribution model of them were build, and the effect principle of the coupled thermo-mechanical field on t

英文关键词： Water chamber head；Heavy-duty cutting；vibration performance；Cemented carbide；Failure mechanism