燃煤汞形态转化动力学机理模型研究

项目名称： 燃煤汞形态转化动力学机理模型研究

项目编号： No.21307070

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 环境科学、安全科学

项目作者： 张磊

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 汞是一种全球性的污染物，燃煤是我国大气汞污染的重要来源，燃煤汞排放控制对我国汞污染防治和应对国际公约谈判具有重要的意义。认识汞形态转化机理和建立系统性的燃煤汞形态转化机理模型对大气汞排放控制至关重要。本项目通过模拟燃煤烟气的降温过程，确定烟气成分对汞形态转化的影响机理；通过固定床模拟烟气实验，识别汞在飞灰表面上的吸附和化学反应路径；基于小试实验得到的均相反应和非均相反应机理，结合理论计算，建立燃煤汞形态转化动力学机理模型；利用已有文献中的现场测试结果对模型进行验证。通过本研究，有望提高对我国燃煤大气汞排放和形态转化规律的认识，为研发和改进燃煤汞污染控制技术提供理论基础。本项目的研究成果对准确预测燃煤大气汞排放也有重要作用，将为我国燃煤大气汞排放的控制对策提供科学支撑。

中文关键词： 汞；燃煤；形态转化；机理；动力学模型

英文摘要： Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant. Coal combustion is the most important source of atmospheric Hg pollution in China. Hg emission control for coal combustion is of great significance to Hg pollution prevention and international convention negotiation of China. Understanding the Hg transformation mechanism and developing a systemic model for the Hg transformation processes on coal combustion. This project is to determine the influence of flue gas composition on Hg transformation by simulating the flue gas cooling process, identify the adsorption and chemical reaction paths of Hg on fly ash via fixed bed flue gas simulation experiments, develop a kinetic model for Hg transformation on coal combustion through theoretical calculation based on the homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction mechanisms resulting from bench-scale experiments, and validate the model with onsite measurement results from existing literatures. The target of this research is to improve the understanding of Hg emission and transformation from coal combustion in China and provide theoretical basis for developing novel Hg pollution control technologies. The outcome from this project plays an important role in accurately predicting Hg emissions from coal combustion and provides scientific support to Hg control strategies for coal combustion in Chin

英文关键词： Mercury；Coal Combustion；Transformation；Mechanism；Kinetic Model