林木根系对溶质优先运移的影响机制研究

项目名称： 林木根系对溶质优先运移的影响机制研究

项目编号： No.41271044

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 牛健植

作者单位： 北京林业大学

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 研究针对长期以来林木根系的种类、结构与溶质优先迁移的形成和运移具有何种量化关系这一难题，以首都圈森林生态系统鹫峰国家森林公园定位试验站的长期定位观测及申请者前期构建的溶质优先迁移装置为基础，野外试验、室内实验、数据处理、模型构建相结合，获取土壤溶质优先迁移过程图，区分优先流区和基质流区，分析水分及溶质在两区的运移规律，确定优先流的概率分布函数及研究区域优先流类型，揭示根土层内溶质优先迁移形成及运移规律；构建研究区域根系的生长结构模型，利用建立的具有同步示踪、影像监测功能，且添加根系的溶质优先迁移实验装置，开展根系对溶质优先迁移的影响实验，构建林木根系对溶质优先迁移影响的过程模型，定量分析林木根系对溶质优先迁移的形成驱动和运移影响。研究将在首都水资源合理利用、有效流域管理、减缓首都水量减少、水质恶化等方面发挥重要作用，并将为区域生态环境建设提供理论指导及研究技术手段支撑。

中文关键词： 根孔；溶质迁移；染色示踪法；CT扫描技术；内窥镜

英文摘要： The goal of this research project is to explore the difficult problem of quantifying the relationship between structure of tree roots and the formation and migration of solute preferential transport. Based on the long-term ecological observation at the capital forest ecosystem research station and the solute preferential transport device which was built in the early stage, combining field test, indoor experiment, data processing and model building, we will map the process of soil solute preferential transport, distinguishing preferential flow area and matrix flow area, analyzing migration rules of moisture and solute in two regions, determining the types and probability distribution functions of preferential flow in the study area, revealing the formation and migration rules of solute preferential transport in root - soil zone. We will analyze the impact mechanisms of tree root systems on solute preferential transport by using the devices for solute preferential transport, which include root systems and synchronous tracer, image analysis and monitoring, and construct a process based model of the impact of roots on solute preferential transport. This research project will play an important role for reasonable use of water, effective watershed managing, water resources controlling and water quality improving, and

英文关键词： root channel；solute transportation；dye tracing methods；industrial computed tomography scanning；endoscopy