项目名称: 全氟类强温室气体生成及降解机理的理论研究
项目编号: No.21503150
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 数理科学和化学
项目作者: 刘艳
作者单位: 渭南师范学院
项目金额: 21万元
中文摘要: 全氟类温室气体具有极强温室效应和潜在的环境危害,必将在大气中造成不可逆的积累,进一步加剧全球变暖,控制其排放迫在眉睫。本项目拟利用量子化学和化学反应动力学方法,对目前尚未报道或研究不充分的全氟强温室气体的生成、存在形式及降解反应机理(与大气还原性自由基均相反应、与金属及金属氧化物非均相反应)、水分子催化等基本科学问题开展理论研究。获得均相反应中可能涉及到的所有过渡态和中间体结构、频率、反应焓、反应活化能、反应速率常数、隧道效应、变分效应等详尽的微观动力学信息,提出可能的反应机理;探索非均相吸附及解离情况,描绘势能剖面并确定最佳反应机理及最稳定吸附位;深入考察水分子存在对反应降解机理和动力学性质的催化影响。本项目研究将为全氟类强温室气体在大气中的汇提供必要的治理思路,为改善大气环境质量的相关研究提供理论指导。
中文关键词: 全氟温室气体;反应机理;量子化学计算;大气化学反应
英文摘要: The new fluorinated greenhouse gases have powerful greenhouse effect and potential hazard to environment. The gases will make a nonreversible accumulate in atmosphere and exacerbate warming of global. So it is imminent to control their emissions. The project will investigate the reaction mechanisms of the formations, existences, decompositions (including the homogeneous reactions with the reducibility radicals in atmosphere and heterogeneous reactions with metal or metal oxide), and the catalysis effects of the water molecular. The kinetics information (structures and vibrational frequencies of the transition state and intermediates, the activation energies, reaction enthalpies, reaction entropies and reaction Gibbs free energies, reaction mechanisms, rate constant, the tunnel effect and the variational effect) will be obtained. The adsorption, decomposition mechanisms and the potential energy surface of heterogeneous reaction for the gases with metal or metal oxide will be explored. The catalytic effects of water molecule on gas-phase reactions will be investigated in details. These results will not only give scientific instructions for the treatments of fluorinated greenhouse gases, but also give some ideas for improving the quality of environment.
英文关键词: fluorinated greenhouse gases;reaction mechanisms;quantum chemistry calculation;atmospheric chemical reaction