双/多头单尾型表面活性剂的设计合成、自组装与性质

项目名称： 双/多头单尾型表面活性剂的设计合成、自组装与性质

项目编号： No.21303076

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 董彬

作者单位： 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 表面活性剂的分子结构影响其自组装行为、性质与应用。双/多头单尾型表面活性剂具有提高溶解性，降低Krafft点等优势。然而，目前的研究尚处于初步阶段。本项目拟设计合成多种双/多头单尾型表面活性剂，一方面丰富其种类（尤其是阴离子型），另一方面深入研究其特殊分子结构在自组装过程中的作用。首先，从分子结构（包括亲水头基、联结基、疏水链等）和外界因素（包括温度、无机盐、生物大分子等）两大方面考察其聚集行为，与传统表面活性剂体系进行比较，探究自组装机理、结构与性质。其次，研究此类表面活性剂的复配体系，揭示相互作用规律，明确亲水头基间的静电相互作用对混合体系聚集行为的影响。最后，在分子结构中引入功能基团，构筑智能型软物质。此研究内容的开展对于完善有序分子聚集体理论有重要意义，对于聚集体在材料制备、催化反应以及分离萃取等领域的应用具有指导作用。

中文关键词： 表面活性剂；离子液体；自组装；有机框架多孔材料；二氧化碳存储与转化

英文摘要： The molecular structures of surfactants affect their self-assemblies, properties, and applications. Double- and multi-headed surfactants with a single hydrophobic tail have many advantages such as high solubilities and small Krafft temperatures, however, the relative researches on such surfactants are rare. This project is focused on the design and synthesis of double- and multi-headed surfactants (especially the anionic types) and the effect of such surfactant molecules on the subsequent self-assemblies. First, the molecular structures (headgroups, spacers, and hydrophobic tails) and external stimuli (temperature, inorganic salts, and biomolecules) will be examined to explore the formed aggregates. Compared with conventional surfactants, the formation mechanism, structures, and properties of the aggregates will be uncovered. Second, the complexes of several double- and multi-headed surfactants will be investigated. The effect of noncovalent interactions on the complexes will be revealed to get insight into the effect of the electrostatic interactions between the headgroups. At last, functional double- and multi-headed surfactants by the introduction of functional groups into the headgroups, spacers, or hydrophobic tails will be synthesized for the construction of smart soft materials. This subject is si

英文关键词： Surfactant；Ionic liquid；Self-assembiles；Covalent organic frameworks；CO2 adsorption and transformation