秸秆基缓释型高吸水性树脂的研制及其多效能一体化调控机制研究

项目名称： 秸秆基缓释型高吸水性树脂的研制及其多效能一体化调控机制研究

项目编号： No.21477064

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 李倩

作者单位： 山东大学

项目金额： 88万元

中文摘要： 本课题以秸秆为原料，研制分子骨架中同时含有氮、磷、钾的具有半互穿三维网络结构的缓释型可生物降解高吸水性树脂，研究不同的合成工艺对材料的功能基配比和分子结构的影响，探讨反应机理和作用规律，实现高吸水性树脂高性能化和多功能化的可控合成；从理论上研究分子结构对材料保水性、肥料缓释性和生物降解性的影响，建立构-效关系，揭示相关机理；通过结构优化设计，实现材料的保水性-缓释性-生物降解性的协调统一，揭示材料的一体化调控规律和机理。本课题研究成果不仅为新型、高性能、多功能、环境友好型高吸水性树脂的研制提供理论和方法，深化和完善农用高吸水性树脂的环境行为理论体系，而且有利于农田水肥高效利用和农作物秸秆的高值化综合利用，对农业可持续发展和生态环境保护具有重要科学意义和实用价值。

中文关键词： 农作物秸秆；高吸水性树脂；缓释；生物降解；一体化调控

英文摘要： The biodegradable superabsorbent polymer (SAP) with the function of slow release fertilizer and semi-interpenetrating three-dimensional network structure containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, will be developed by straw as raw material. Different synthetic processes on the ratio of the functional groups and molecular structure will be studied. The reaction mechanism and regulation will be explored to achieve the controllable synthesis of SAP with high performance and multifunctional. The effect of the molecular structure of SAP on the water retention, fertilizer slow release and biodegradability will be theoretically studied. The structure-performance relationship will be established and the relevant mechanism will be revealed. The water retention, fertilizer slow release and biodegradability will be regulated by structural optimization design to achieve their integration control. The results of the project not only provide theories and methods for the preparation of new, efficient, environmental friendly SAP, perfect the theory system of the environmental behavior, but also contribute to the efficient use of farmland fertilizer and high value of comprehensive utilization for straw. It also has important scientific significance and practical value on the sustainable development of agriculture and the protection of the ecological environment.

英文关键词： straw;superabsorbent polymer;slow-release;biodegradability;integrated regulation