注:本文包含大量可执行的JAVA代码以解释代理相关的原理
4j
public class SimpleTransProxy {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
int port = 8006;
ServerSocketChannel localServer = ServerSocketChannel.open();
localServer.bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));
Reactor reactor = new Reactor();
// REACTOR线程
GlobalThreadPool.REACTOR_EXECUTOR.submit(reactor::run);
// WORKER单线程调试
while (localServer.isOpen()) {
// 此处阻塞等待连接
SocketChannel remoteClient = localServer.accept();
// 工作线程
GlobalThreadPool.WORK_EXECUTOR.submit(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
// 代理到远程
SocketChannel remoteServer = new ProxyHandler().proxy(remoteClient);
// 透明传输
reactor.pipe(remoteClient, remoteServer)
.pipe(remoteServer, remoteClient);
}
});
}
}
}
class ProxyHandler {
private String method;
private String host;
private int port;
private SocketChannel remoteServer;
private SocketChannel remoteClient;
/**
* 原始信息
*/
private List<ByteBuffer> buffers = new ArrayList<>();
private StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
/**
* 连接到远程
* @param remoteClient
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public SocketChannel proxy(SocketChannel remoteClient) throws IOException {
this.remoteClient = remoteClient;
connect();
return this.remoteServer;
}
public void connect() throws IOException {
// 解析METHOD, HOST和PORT
beforeConnected();
// 链接REMOTE SERVER
createRemoteServer();
// CONNECT请求回应,其他请求WRITE THROUGH
afterConnected();
}
protected void beforeConnected() throws IOException {
// 读取HEADER
readAllHeader();
// 解析HOST和PORT
parseRemoteHostAndPort();
}
/**
* 创建远程连接
* @throws IOException
*/
protected void createRemoteServer() throws IOException {
remoteServer = SocketChannel.open(new InetSocketAddress(host, port));
}
/**
* 连接建立后预处理
* @throws IOException
*/
protected void afterConnected() throws IOException {
// 当CONNECT请求时,默认写入200到CLIENT
if ("CONNECT".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {
// CONNECT默认为443端口,根据HOST再解析
remoteClient.write(ByteBuffer.wrap("HTTP/1.0 200 Connection Established\r\nProxy-agent: nginx\r\n\r\n".getBytes()));
} else {
writeThrouth();
}
}
protected void writeThrouth() {
buffers.forEach(byteBuffer -> {
try {
remoteServer.write(byteBuffer);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
});
}
/**
* 读取请求内容
* @throws IOException
*/
protected void readAllHeader() throws IOException {
while (true) {
ByteBuffer clientBuffer = newByteBuffer();
int read = remoteClient.read(clientBuffer);
clientBuffer.flip();
appendClientBuffer(clientBuffer);
if (read < clientBuffer.capacity()) {
break;
}
}
}
/**
* 解析出HOST和PROT
* @throws IOException
*/
protected void parseRemoteHostAndPort() throws IOException {
// 读取第一批,获取到METHOD
method = parseRequestMethod(stringBuilder.toString());
// 默认为80端口,根据HOST再解析
port = 80;
if ("CONNECT".equalsIgnoreCase(method)) {
port = 443;
}
this.host = parseHost(stringBuilder.toString());
URI remoteServerURI = URI.create(host);
host = remoteServerURI.getHost();
if (remoteServerURI.getPort() > 0) {
port = remoteServerURI.getPort();
}
}
protected void appendClientBuffer(ByteBuffer clientBuffer) {
buffers.add(clientBuffer);
stringBuilder.append(new String(clientBuffer.array(), clientBuffer.position(), clientBuffer.limit()));
}
protected static ByteBuffer newByteBuffer() {
// buffer必须大于7,保证能读到method
return ByteBuffer.allocate(128);
}
private static String parseRequestMethod(String rawContent) {
// create uri
return rawContent.split("\r\n")[0].split(" ")[0];
}
private static String parseHost(String rawContent) {
String[] headers = rawContent.split("\r\n");
String host = "host:";
for (String header : headers) {
if (header.length() > host.length()) {
String key = header.substring(0, host.length());
String value = header.substring(host.length()).trim();
if (host.equalsIgnoreCase(key)) {
if (!value.startsWith("http://") && !value.startsWith("https://")) {
value = "http://" + value;
}
return value;
}
}
}
return "";
}
}
4j
class Reactor {
private Selector selector;
private volatile boolean finish = false;
public Reactor() {
selector = Selector.open();
}
public Reactor pipe(SocketChannel from, SocketChannel to) {
from.configureBlocking(false);
from.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ, new SocketPipe(this, from, to));
return this;
}
public void run() {
try {
while (!finish) {
if (selector.selectNow() > 0) {
Iterator<SelectionKey> it = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey selectionKey = it.next();
if (selectionKey.isValid() && selectionKey.isReadable()) {
((SocketPipe) selectionKey.attachment()).pipe();
}
it.remove();
}
}
}
} finally {
close();
}
}
public synchronized void close() {
if (finish) {
return;
}
finish = true;
if (!selector.isOpen()) {
return;
}
for (SelectionKey key : selector.keys()) {
closeChannel(key.channel());
key.cancel();
}
if (selector != null) {
selector.close();
}
}
public void cancel(SelectableChannel channel) {
SelectionKey key = channel.keyFor(selector);
if (Objects.isNull(key)) {
return;
}
key.cancel();
}
public void closeChannel(Channel channel) {
SocketChannel socketChannel = (SocketChannel)channel;
if (socketChannel.isConnected() && socketChannel.isOpen()) {
socketChannel.shutdownOutput();
socketChannel.shutdownInput();
}
socketChannel.close();
}
}
class SocketPipe {
private Reactor reactor;
private SocketChannel from;
private SocketChannel to;
public void pipe() {
// 取消监听
clearInterestOps();
GlobalThreadPool.PIPE_EXECUTOR.submit(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
int totalBytesRead = 0;
ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
while (valid(from) && valid(to)) {
byteBuffer.clear();
int bytesRead = from.read(byteBuffer);
totalBytesRead = totalBytesRead + bytesRead;
byteBuffer.flip();
to.write(byteBuffer);
if (bytesRead < byteBuffer.capacity()) {
break;
}
}
if (totalBytesRead < 0) {
reactor.closeChannel(from);
reactor.cancel(from);
} else {
// 重置监听
resetInterestOps();
}
}
});
}
protected void clearInterestOps() {
from.keyFor(reactor.getSelector()).interestOps(0);
to.keyFor(reactor.getSelector()).interestOps(0);
}
protected void resetInterestOps() {
from.keyFor(reactor.getSelector()).interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
to.keyFor(reactor.getSelector()).interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_READ);
}
private boolean valid(SocketChannel channel) {
return channel.isConnected() && channel.isRegistered() && channel.isOpen();
}
}
public class SslSocketChannel {
/**
* 握手加解密需要的四个存储
*/
protected ByteBuffer myAppData; // 明文
protected ByteBuffer myNetData; // 密文
protected ByteBuffer peerAppData; // 明文
protected ByteBuffer peerNetData; // 密文
/**
* 握手加解密过程中用到的异步执行器
*/
protected ExecutorService executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
/**
* 原NIO 的 CHANNEL
*/
protected SocketChannel socketChannel;
/**
* SSL 引擎
*/
protected SSLEngine engine;
public SslSocketChannel(SSLContext context, SocketChannel socketChannel, boolean clientMode) throws Exception {
// 原始的NIO SOCKET
this.socketChannel = socketChannel;
// 初始化BUFFER
SSLSession dummySession = context.createSSLEngine().getSession();
myAppData = ByteBuffer.allocate(dummySession.getApplicationBufferSize());
myNetData = ByteBuffer.allocate(dummySession.getPacketBufferSize());
peerAppData = ByteBuffer.allocate(dummySession.getApplicationBufferSize());
peerNetData = ByteBuffer.allocate(dummySession.getPacketBufferSize());
dummySession.invalidate();
engine = context.createSSLEngine();
engine.setUseClientMode(clientMode);
engine.beginHandshake();
}
/**
* 参考 https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html
* 实现的 SSL 的握手协议
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
protected boolean doHandshake() throws IOException {
SSLEngineResult result;
HandshakeStatus handshakeStatus;
int appBufferSize = engine.getSession().getApplicationBufferSize();
ByteBuffer myAppData = ByteBuffer.allocate(appBufferSize);
ByteBuffer peerAppData = ByteBuffer.allocate(appBufferSize);
myNetData.clear();
peerNetData.clear();
handshakeStatus = engine.getHandshakeStatus();
while (handshakeStatus != HandshakeStatus.FINISHED && handshakeStatus != HandshakeStatus.NOT_HANDSHAKING) {
switch (handshakeStatus) {
case NEED_UNWRAP:
if (socketChannel.read(peerNetData) < 0) {
if (engine.isInboundDone() && engine.isOutboundDone()) {
return false;
}
try {
engine.closeInbound();
} catch (SSLException e) {
log.debug("收到END OF STREAM,关闭连接.", e);
}
engine.closeOutbound();
handshakeStatus = engine.getHandshakeStatus();
break;
}
peerNetData.flip();
try {
result = engine.unwrap(peerNetData, peerAppData);
peerNetData.compact();
handshakeStatus = result.getHandshakeStatus();
} catch (SSLException sslException) {
engine.closeOutbound();
handshakeStatus = engine.getHandshakeStatus();
break;
}
switch (result.getStatus()) {
case OK:
break;
case BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
peerAppData = enlargeApplicationBuffer(engine, peerAppData);
break;
case BUFFER_UNDERFLOW:
peerNetData = handleBufferUnderflow(engine, peerNetData);
break;
case CLOSED:
if (engine.isOutboundDone()) {
return false;
} else {
engine.closeOutbound();
handshakeStatus = engine.getHandshakeStatus();
break;
}
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("无效的握手状态: " + result.getStatus());
}
break;
case NEED_WRAP:
myNetData.clear();
try {
result = engine.wrap(myAppData, myNetData);
handshakeStatus = result.getHandshakeStatus();
} catch (SSLException sslException) {
engine.closeOutbound();
handshakeStatus = engine.getHandshakeStatus();
break;
}
switch (result.getStatus()) {
case OK :
myNetData.flip();
while (myNetData.hasRemaining()) {
socketChannel.write(myNetData);
}
break;
case BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
myNetData = enlargePacketBuffer(engine, myNetData);
break;
case BUFFER_UNDERFLOW:
throw new SSLException("加密后消息内容为空,报错");
case CLOSED:
try {
myNetData.flip();
while (myNetData.hasRemaining()) {
socketChannel.write(myNetData);
}
peerNetData.clear();
} catch (Exception e) {
handshakeStatus = engine.getHandshakeStatus();
}
break;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("无效的握手状态: " + result.getStatus());
}
break;
case NEED_TASK:
Runnable task;
while ((task = engine.getDelegatedTask()) != null) {
executor.execute(task);
}
handshakeStatus = engine.getHandshakeStatus();
break;
case FINISHED:
break;
case NOT_HANDSHAKING:
break;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("无效的握手状态: " + handshakeStatus);
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* 参考 https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html
* 实现的 SSL 的传输读取协议
* @param consumer
* @throws IOException
*/
public void read(Consumer<ByteBuffer> consumer) throws IOException {
// BUFFER初始化
peerNetData.clear();
int bytesRead = socketChannel.read(peerNetData);
if (bytesRead > 0) {
peerNetData.flip();
while (peerNetData.hasRemaining()) {
peerAppData.clear();
SSLEngineResult result = engine.unwrap(peerNetData, peerAppData);
switch (result.getStatus()) {
case OK:
log.debug("收到远程的返回结果消息为:" + new String(peerAppData.array(), 0, peerAppData.position()));
consumer.accept(peerAppData);
peerAppData.flip();
break;
case BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
peerAppData = enlargeApplicationBuffer(engine, peerAppData);
break;
case BUFFER_UNDERFLOW:
peerNetData = handleBufferUnderflow(engine, peerNetData);
break;
case CLOSED:
log.debug("收到远程连接关闭消息.");
closeConnection();
return;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("无效的握手状态: " + result.getStatus());
}
}
} else if (bytesRead < 0) {
log.debug("收到END OF STREAM,关闭连接.");
handleEndOfStream();
}
}
public void write(String message) throws IOException {
write(ByteBuffer.wrap(message.getBytes()));
}
/**
* 参考 https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html
* 实现的 SSL 的传输写入协议
* @param message
* @throws IOException
*/
public void write(ByteBuffer message) throws IOException {
myAppData.clear();
myAppData.put(message);
myAppData.flip();
while (myAppData.hasRemaining()) {
myNetData.clear();
SSLEngineResult result = engine.wrap(myAppData, myNetData);
switch (result.getStatus()) {
case OK:
myNetData.flip();
while (myNetData.hasRemaining()) {
socketChannel.write(myNetData);
}
log.debug("写入远程的消息为: {}", message);
break;
case BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
myNetData = enlargePacketBuffer(engine, myNetData);
break;
case BUFFER_UNDERFLOW:
throw new SSLException("加密后消息内容为空.");
case CLOSED:
closeConnection();
return;
default:
throw new IllegalStateException("无效的握手状态: " + result.getStatus());
}
}
}
/**
* 关闭连接
* @throws IOException
*/
public void closeConnection() throws IOException {
engine.closeOutbound();
doHandshake();
socketChannel.close();
executor.shutdown();
}
/**
* END OF STREAM(-1)默认是关闭连接
* @throws IOException
*/
protected void handleEndOfStream() throws IOException {
try {
engine.closeInbound();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("END OF STREAM 关闭失败.", e);
}
closeConnection();
}
}
@Slf4j
public class NioSslServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
NioSslServer sslServer = new NioSslServer("127.0.0.1", 8006);
sslServer.start();
// 使用 curl -vv -k 'https://localhost:8006' 连接
}
private SSLContext context;
private Selector selector;
public NioSslServer(String hostAddress, int port) throws Exception {
// 初始化SSL Context
context = serverSSLContext();
// 注册监听器
selector = SelectorProvider.provider().openSelector();
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
serverSocketChannel.socket().bind(new InetSocketAddress(hostAddress, port));
serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
}
public void start() throws Exception {
log.debug("等待连接中.");
while (true) {
selector.select();
Iterator<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (selectedKeys.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey key = selectedKeys.next();
selectedKeys.remove();
if (!key.isValid()) {
continue;
}
if (key.isAcceptable()) {
accept(key);
} else if (key.isReadable()) {
((SslSocketChannel)key.attachment()).read(buf->{});
// 直接回应一个OK
((SslSocketChannel)key.attachment()).write("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\nOK\r\n\r\n");
((SslSocketChannel)key.attachment()).closeConnection();
}
}
}
}
private void accept(SelectionKey key) throws Exception {
log.debug("接收新的请求.");
SocketChannel socketChannel = ((ServerSocketChannel)key.channel()).accept();
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
SslSocketChannel sslSocketChannel = new SslSocketChannel(context, socketChannel, false);
if (sslSocketChannel.doHandshake()) {
socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ, sslSocketChannel);
} else {
socketChannel.close();
log.debug("握手失败,关闭连接.");
}
}
}
4j
public class NioSslClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
NioSslClient sslClient = new NioSslClient("httpbin.org", 443);
sslClient.connect();
// 请求 'https://httpbin.org/get'
}
private String remoteAddress;
private int port;
private SSLEngine engine;
private SocketChannel socketChannel;
private SSLContext context;
/**
* 需要远程的HOST和PORT
* @param remoteAddress
* @param port
* @throws Exception
*/
public NioSslClient(String remoteAddress, int port) throws Exception {
this.remoteAddress = remoteAddress;
this.port = port;
context = clientSSLContext();
engine = context.createSSLEngine(remoteAddress, port);
engine.setUseClientMode(true);
}
public boolean connect() throws Exception {
socketChannel = SocketChannel.open();
socketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress(remoteAddress, port));
while (!socketChannel.finishConnect()) {
// 通过REACTOR,不会出现等待情况
//log.debug("连接中..");
}
SslSocketChannel sslSocketChannel = new SslSocketChannel(context, socketChannel, true);
sslSocketChannel.doHandshake();
// 握手完成后,开启SELECTOR
Selector selector = SelectorProvider.provider().openSelector();
socketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ, sslSocketChannel);
// 写入请求
sslSocketChannel.write("GET /get HTTP/1.1\r\n"
+ "Host: httpbin.org:443\r\n"
+ "User-Agent: curl/7.62.0\r\n"
+ "Accept: */*\r\n"
+ "\r\n");
// 读取结果
while (true) {
selector.select();
Iterator<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (selectedKeys.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey key = selectedKeys.next();
selectedKeys.remove();
if (key.isValid() && key.isReadable()) {
((SslSocketChannel)key.attachment()).read(buf->{
log.info("{}", new String(buf.array(), 0, buf.position()));
});
((SslSocketChannel)key.attachment()).closeConnection();
return true;
}
}
}
}
}
public void start() {
HookedExecutors.newSingleThreadExecutor().submit(() ->{
log.info("开始启动代理服务器,监听端口:{}", auditProxyConfig.getProxyServerPort());
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(auditProxyConfig.getBossThreadCount());
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(auditProxyConfig.getWorkThreadCount());
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.DEBUG))
.childHandler(new ServerChannelInitializer(auditProxyConfig))
.bind(auditProxyConfig.getProxyServerPort()).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error("代理服务器被中断.", e);
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
} finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
});
}
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ch.pipeline()
.addLast(new HttpRequestDecoder())
.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(auditProxyConfig.getMaxRequestSize()))
.addLast(new ServerChannelHandler(auditProxyConfig));
}
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
FullHttpRequest request = (FullHttpRequest)msg;
try {
if (isConnectRequest(request)) {
// CONNECT 请求,存储待处理
saveConnectRequest(ctx, request);
// 禁止读取
ctx.channel().config().setAutoRead(false);
// 发送回应
connectionEstablished(ctx, ctx.newPromise().addListener(future -> {
if (future.isSuccess()) {
// 升级
if (isSslRequest(request) && !isUpgraded(ctx)) {
upgrade(ctx);
}
// 开放消息读取
ctx.channel().config().setAutoRead(true);
ctx.read();
}
}));
} else {
// 其他请求,判定是否已升级
if (!isUpgraded(ctx)) {
// 升级引擎
upgrade(ctx);
}
// 连接远程
connectRemote(ctx, request);
}
} finally {
ctx.fireChannelRead(msg);
}
}
/**
* 初始化远程连接
* @param ctx
* @param httpRequest
*/
protected void connectRemote(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, FullHttpRequest httpRequest) {
Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
b.group(ctx.channel().eventLoop()) // use the same EventLoop
.channel(ctx.channel().getClass())
.handler(new ClientChannelInitializer(auditProxyConfig, ctx, safeCopy(httpRequest)));
// 动态连接代理
FullHttpRequest originRequest = ctx.channel().attr(CONNECT_REQUEST).get();
if (originRequest == null) {
originRequest = httpRequest;
}
ChannelFuture cf = b.connect(new InetSocketAddress(calculateHost(originRequest), calculatePort(originRequest)));
Channel cch = cf.channel();
ctx.channel().attr(CLIENT_CHANNEL).set(cch);
}
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
SocketAddress socketAddress = calculateProxy();
if (!Objects.isNull(socketAddress)) {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new HttpProxyHandler(calculateProxy(), auditProxyConfig.getUserName(), auditProxyConfig
.getPassword()));
}
if (isSslRequest()) {
String host = host();
int port = port();
if (StringUtils.isNoneBlank(host) && port > 0) {
ch.pipeline().addLast(new SslHandler(sslEngine(host, port)));
}
}
ch.pipeline().addLast(new ClientChannelHandler(clientContext, httpRequest));
}
注:本文使用Netty的零拷贝;存储请求以解析处理;但并未实现对RESPONSE的处理;也就是RESPONSE是直接通过网关,此方面避免了常见的代理实现,内存泄漏OOM相关问题;
点击阅读原文查看详情!