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flutter可能是未来跨平台开发的又一技术框架,那么对于一个app,我们不可能完全用flutter来开发,那么就意味着我们需要在已有的Android和iOS代码中去集成flutter。目前这一技术还处于预览状态,并且还要切换flutter的channel为mater分支。如下,官方原话:
那么我们在集成之前需要查看现在flutter处于什么渠道:
我的是处于master分支,如果你以前没改过的话,应该是beta分支,那么可以执行:
flutter channel master
进行切换。
下面正式开始集成Android和iOS。
Android
首先用Android studio创建一个Android工程,步骤不做介绍了。然后在Android工程的根目录执行一下命令:
flutter create -t module my_flutter
来创建一个flutter的module,成功之后,目录结构如下:
接着我们来修改一下Android功能里的gradle文件:
首先是app的setting.gradle文件,添加如下:
include ':app'setBinding(new Binding([gradle: this]))
evaluate(new File(
settingsDir.parentFile,
'my_flutter/.android/include_flutter.groovy' ))
目的就是去加载指定目录的include_flutter.groovy文件,那么我们查看一下这个文件:
// Generated file. Do not edit.def scriptFile = getClass().protectionDomain.codeSource.location.path
def flutterProjectRoot = new File(scriptFile).parentFile.parentFile
gradle.include ':flutter'gradle.project(':flutter').projectDir = new File(flutterProjectRoot, '.android/Flutter')
def plugins = new Properties()
def pluginsFile = new File(flutterProjectRoot, '.flutter-plugins')if (pluginsFile.exists()) {
pluginsFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader -> plugins.load(reader) }
}
plugins.each { name, path ->
def pluginDirectory = flutterProjectRoot.toPath().resolve(path).resolve('android').toFile()
gradle.include ":$name"
gradle.project(":$name").projectDir = pluginDirectory
}
gradle.getGradle().projectsLoaded { g ->
g.rootProject.afterEvaluate { p ->
p.subprojects { sp -> if (sp.name != 'flutter') {
sp.evaluationDependsOn(':flutter')
}
}
}
}
其中最重要的一段代码,就是include ':flutter',意思就是flutter这个module要参与编译。
接着在app层级(不是project层)的build.gradle文件中添加依赖:
dependencies { implementation project(':flutter')
:
}
OK配置阶段结束,我们开始先写Android代码,在activity中添加一个button,当我们点击它时,将加载flutter布局,代码如下:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private TextView button; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
button = findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override
public void onClick(View view) {
FragmentTransaction tx = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
tx.replace(R.id.container, Flutter.createFragment("route1"));
tx.commit();// View flutterView = Flutter.createView(MainActivity.this,getLifecycle(),"route1");// FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(100,100);// params.leftMargin = 100;// params.topMargin = 200;// addContentView(flutterView,params);
}
});
}
}
这里有两种实现方式,一种是使用fragment,一种是使用FlutterView。代码中的route1字符串则是flutter代码中定义的,接下来就开始写flutter代码:
import 'dart:ui';import 'package:flutter/material.dart';void main() => runApp(_widgetForRoute(window.defaultRouteName));Widget _widgetForRoute(String route) { switch (route) { case 'route1': return SomeWidget(); case 'route2': return SomeWidget(); default: return Center(
child: Text('Unknown route: $route', textDirection: TextDirection.ltr),
);
}
}class SomeWidget extends StatelessWidget{ @override
Widget build(BuildContext context) { // TODO: implement build
return Container(
width: 100,
height: 100,
color: Color(0xFF00FF00),
child: Center(
child: Text("hello",textDirection: TextDirection.ltr,),
),
);
}
}
这里可以看到对rout1的定义。
写到这里代码部分就完成了,然后运行android项目,就可以看到效果了。
ios
首先也是执行:
flutter create -t module my_flutter
生成一个flutter工程,由于在Android集成中已经做了这一步,故跳过。然后用Xcode创建一个iOS工程,创建完成之后,目录如下:
下面为工程添加flutter的依赖,这里要使用cocoapods,若以前没有安装过,则执行命令:
sudo gem install cocoapods
然后在iOS工程的根目录创建Podfile文件,命令为:
touch Podfile
然后修改podfile文件,如下:
target 'ios4Flutter' doplatform:ios,'8.0'
flutter_application_path = '../my_flutter/'eval(File.read(File.join(flutter_application_path, '.ios', 'Flutter', 'podhelper.rb')), binding)
end
其中ios4Flutter为我的iOS工程名,flutter_application_path为flutter工程的根目录。
最后执行:
pod install
完成项目的依赖,效果如下:
之后点击.xcworkSpace文件打开iOS工程,找到Build Phases目录,新建一个Script Phase,粘贴下面的命令:
"$FLUTTER_ROOT/packages/flutter_tools/bin/xcode_backend.sh" build"$FLUTTER_ROOT/packages/flutter_tools/bin/xcode_backend.sh" embed
到text area,如下图:
配置完成之后,⌘B来build工程。如果没有报错,那么部署成功。下面开始写代码:
在AppDelegate.h中:
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>#import <Flutter/Flutter.h>@interface AppDelegate : FlutterAppDelegate@end
AppDelegate.m:
#import <FlutterPluginRegistrant/GeneratedPluginRegistrant.h> // Only if you have Flutter Plugins#include "AppDelegate.h"@implementation AppDelegate// This override can be omitted if you do not have any Flutter Plugins.- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application
didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
[GeneratedPluginRegistrant registerWithRegistry:self]; return [super application:application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:launchOptions];
}@end
ViewController.m:
#import <Flutter/Flutter.h>#import "ViewController.h"@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad]; UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
[button addTarget:self
action:@selector(handleButtonAction)
forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[button setTitle:@"Press me" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[button setBackgroundColor:[UIColor blueColor]];
button.frame = CGRectMake(80.0, 210.0, 160.0, 40.0);
[self.view addSubview:button];
}
- (void)handleButtonAction {
FlutterViewController* flutterViewController = [[FlutterViewController alloc] init];
[flutterViewController setInitialRoute:@"route1"];
[self presentViewController:flutterViewController animated:false completion:nil];
}@end
OK,oc代码编写完成,运行app,呈现效果。
我们可以运用dart语言的特性实现 hot reload,首先在flutter的根目录执行:
flutter attach
如下:
当运行完app,点击按钮进入flutter的view时,终端状态如下:
当我们再次修改dart代码,保存之后,在命令中输入r即可hot reload。
作者:似水流年0_0
链接:https://my.oschina.net/gef/blog/2963186
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