Inspired by the social and economic benefits of diversity, we analyze over 9 million papers and 6 million scientists to study the relationship between research impact and five classes of diversity: ethnicity, discipline, gender, affiliation, and academic age. Using randomized baseline models, we establish the presence of homophily in ethnicity, gender and affiliation. We then study the effect of diversity on scientific impact, as reflected in citations. Remarkably, of the classes considered, ethnic diversity had the strongest correlation with scientific impact. To further isolate the effects of ethnic diversity, we used randomized baseline models and again found a clear link between diversity and impact. To further support these findings, we use coarsened exact matching to compare the scientific impact of ethnically diverse papers and scientists with closely-matched control groups. Here, we find that ethnic diversity resulted in an impact gain of 10.63% for papers, and 47.67% for scientists.
翻译:在多样性的社会和经济效益的启发下,我们分析了900多万篇论文和600万科学家,以研究研究研究影响与五类多样性之间的关系:种族、学科、性别、隶属关系和学术年龄。我们使用随机的基线模型,在族裔、性别和附属关系方面建立同质存在。然后我们研究多样性对科学影响的影响,如引文所反映的那样。值得注意的是,在所考虑的类别中,族裔多样性与科学影响的关系最密切。为了进一步孤立族裔多样性的影响,我们使用随机的基线模型,再次发现多样性和影响之间的明确联系。为了进一步支持这些发现,我们用精确的匹配来比较不同族裔的论文和科学家与密切对照的团体的科学影响。在这里,我们发现,族裔多样性对论文产生了10.63%的影响,对科学家产生了47.67%的影响。