星载电离层探测远紫外成像光谱仪关键技术研究

项目名称： 星载电离层探测远紫外成像光谱仪关键技术研究

项目编号： No.41504143

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 于磊

作者单位： 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 星载远紫外成像光谱仪是电离层光学遥感的重要仪器之一。为突破远紫外光学器件技术的国外封锁和国内瓶颈，我国加大了电离层遥感的理论研究和技术创新。本项目主要对该光谱仪设计中的两个关键技术开展研究。基于电离层物理模型(TIMEGCM等)和国外仪器观测数据，模拟研究电离层远紫外光谱辐射传输特性模型；结合电离层科学研究和天气应用需求，提出仪器观测依据和设计指标。利用串联光栅系统在保持系统简单性和灵敏度的同时提高光谱分辨率的特性，综合二次色散理论，像差理论，几何光程微分理论和遗传算法对基于该系统的光学设计方案进行优化，提出在115~180 nm波段光谱分辨率优于1 nm，空间分辨率优于1.5 mrad的大视场远紫外成像光谱仪光学系统设计，解决简单光学系统在高灵敏度下难以实现高性能设计的问题。该设计将具有国际先进指标水平和独特的串联光栅成像光学系统，并为未来仪器的物理样机和工程化奠定关键技术基础。

中文关键词： 电离层；成像光谱仪；远紫外；优化设计

英文摘要： Far ultraviolet imaging spectrometer by satellite is one of the most important instruments for ionosphere observation and the mainstream trend of development. Our country is trying to enlarge the theory study and technological innovation of the ionosphere observation to solve the problem that the limitation of the present technique of far ultraviolet optical devices at home and abroad. Two key techniques of the sort of instrument design will be studied, the building of the far ultraviolet spectral radiant transmission model of targets of ionosphere, and the high performances design of the optical system of far ultraviolet imaging spectrometer. Based on data of foreign instruments and the modeling of dynamic ionosphere model (TIMEGCM), the far ultraviolet spectral radiant transmission model will be built by the simulation of secondary forward modeling and experiment. It applies scientific observation basis and parameters of performances to the design of imaging spectrometer with requisitions of the ionosphere scientific study and ionosphere weather application. The tandem gratings optical system will be chosen based on the characteristic that it would largely increase the spectral resolution without increasing the complexity of optical system and decreasing the system sensitivity under the limitation of the present technique of far ultraviolet optical devices. The tandem gratings secondary dispersive theory, the aberration theory, the geometric optical path differential analysis theory and the genetic algorithm will be utilized in the optimization of the tandem gratings spectrometer. The research will obtain an advanced far ultraviolet imaging spectrometer design for the ionosphere observation by satellite, which has the spectral resolution ≤ 1 nm, the spatial resolution ≤ 1.5 mrad, and a large field of view in the waveband of 115~180 nm. The ideology would solve the problem that the design with high performances is hardly realized in the simple optical system with high sensitivity. The investigation would provide unique tandem gratings far ultraviolet imaging spectrometer with international advanced level for the ionosphere observation, and important technique basis for the future development of instruments such as the prototype and engineering application.

英文关键词： Ionosphere;Imaging spectrometer;Far ultraviolet;Optimum design