高分子冻胶的结构调控和功能拓展

项目名称： 高分子冻胶的结构调控和功能拓展

项目编号： No.21674105

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2017

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 何卫东

作者单位： 中国科学技术大学

项目金额： 32万元

中文摘要： 冻胶是具有相互贯通超大孔结构、优良机械性能和高流体通量的凝胶，凝胶化过程在溶剂整体结晶条件下完成，可应用于生物工程、医疗医药、催化和能源等领域。溶剂结晶致孔、溶剂晶体中的液相微区、成胶物质在液相微区的富集是冻胶形成和决定冻胶结构的关键因素，但是尚不能完全诠释冷冻聚合即使在冰点以下仍具有较高速率等现象。使用不同溶剂介质、通过不同成胶途径和合成方法，已经获得了许多类型的高分子冻胶，但是高分子冻胶在组成、交联结构和孔结构等方面还有调控余地。申请项目以高分子冻胶的合成化学作为基础，结合溶剂结晶的物理学原理，着重进行高分子冻胶的高分子结构和孔结构的调控研究，采取共聚和交联接枝实现冻胶组成的多组分化和交联结构的多样化，通过单向冻结和成核剂诱导实现孔道排列的规整化，通过改变第一网络孔壁和第二网络反应介质的亲合性获得互穿的双重网络冻胶，从而构建调控高分子冻胶多层次结构的合成方法，拓展高分子冻胶的功能。

中文关键词： 高分子冻胶；冷冻聚合；多层次结构；吸附和分离；刺激响应性

英文摘要： Cryogels have interconnected super-macroporosity, excellent mechanical properties and high fluid throughput and can be used in bioengineering, medicine and drug, catalyst and energy areas. Keep in mind, during the freezing process, the solvent crystalizes and the gelation occurs. Different from common gels, the gelation of cryogels occurs upon the bulky crystallization of solvent insides. It has been well-established that solvent crystal induced porosity, un-frozen liquid microphase and cryo-concentration of the solutes are the key points to influence cryogel formation and porosity morphology. However, those effects fail in accounting absolutely for the characteristics of cryopolymerization, such as the rather rapid rate even under freezing point of the solvent. Through different gelation mechanism and synthetic chemistry combining with the choice of reaction medium, various polymeric cryogels have been obtained. However, there are still more possibility to modulate the chemical composition, crosslinked architecture and porosity morphology. In this project, we will emphasize our concentration in this aspect, based on the research results of synthetic chemistry of polymeric cryogels and the implementation of physical principle of liquid crystallization. We believe firmly that, copolymerization and network-grafting will achieve different polymeric cryogels with multi-components and various network-grafting architectures, uni-directional freezing and nucleation agents will result in the regular alignment of pores while the interpenetrating double pore-netowrk cryogels will be obtained by adjusting the interaction between the first pore-wall and the solvent used for the second pore-network. Our expected research outcomes will help to build a synthetic platform to regulate the hierarchical structure of polymeric cryogels and greatly improve their performances.

英文关键词： polymeric cryogel;cryopolymerization;hierarchical structure;absorbance and separation;stimulus response