水动力学条件对沉水植物富集水体重金属的影响机制研究

项目名称： 水动力学条件对沉水植物富集水体重金属的影响机制研究

项目编号： No.51509171

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 何晓佳

作者单位： 四川大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 用植物修复的方式去除水体重金属污染是生态修复的前沿和热点问题。前期研究发现：水动力学条件可影响沉水植物的生长，与水动力学条件密切相关的可逆物理吸附是沉水植物富集水体重金属的重要方式，水动力学条件对沉水植物富集水体重金属起重要调控作用。但至今，水动力学条件如何影响沉水植物富集水体重金属，尚不清楚。因此本项目拟用沉水植物轮叶黑藻为研究材料，控制光照、温度、营养盐等为最适培养水平，结合流速、紊动强度等水动力学条件和铅污染水平，研究轮叶黑藻对铅的吸附/吸收、累积、迁移过程，以及其生长性状、微观结构、解毒及耐受机制等生物学行为，揭示其生物学行为与水动力学表征指标之间的关系，以此为基础阐明轮叶黑藻在水动力学条件下富集水体中铅的规律及其生理适应机制。研究结果不仅为优化水动力学条件，提高沉水植物去污能力提供新思路；也为利用沉水植物修复水体重金属污染和水生生态环境开发保护提供理论依据和实验基础。

中文关键词： 水动力；重金属；沉水植物；生物富集；影响机制

英文摘要： Phytoremediation is a novel strategy for the removal of toxic metals from the environment using plants in ecological restoration. Previous results indicated that hydrodynamic conditions may affect the growth of submerged plants, and reversible physical adsorption is an important way to heavy metal bioaccumulation of submerged plants, which is closely related to hydrodynamic conditions. Thus, hydrodynamic conditions may play an important regulatory role in heavy metal bioaccumulation of submerged plants. Up to date, there are a series of question on the effects of hydrodynamic conditions on heavy metal bioaccumulation of submerged plants. Thus, the aim of this study will use H. verticillata as research material, and control light, temperature, nutrients, etc. to obtain the optimal culture conditions. Moreover, we will combine hydrodynamic conditions, like velocity and turbulence intensity, and lead levels to analyze the process of lead adsorption/absorption, bioaccumulation and migration, as well as the characters of growth, microstructure and tolerance mechanism. These findings will reveal the relationship between the biological behavior of H. verticillata and hydrodynamic conditions. Moreover, these findings will discover the lead bioaccumulation and the physiological adaptation mechanism exposed to heavy metal pollution under special hydrodynamic conditions. The present findings not only provide the optimization hydrodynamic conditions to improve a new way to improve the removing ability of heavy metal using submerged macrophytes, also provide theoretical and experimental basis for the application of submerged plant during the aquatic ecosystems recovery of heavy metal pollution.

英文关键词： hydrodynamic;Heavy metal;submerged plants;bioaccumulation;influence mechanism