锂-空气电池铁基氧化物纳米片阵列催化剂的构筑及其催化机理

项目名称： 锂-空气电池铁基氧化物纳米片阵列催化剂的构筑及其催化机理

项目编号： No.51302079

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 马建民

作者单位： 湖南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 锂-空气电池作为一种新型电池体系，以其高的比能量密度和环境友好的优点引起极大的关注，在电动汽车领域具有巨大的应用潜力。但目前锂-空气电池性能受制于诸多问题：如充放电效率低，放电容量低，循环寿命短，反应速度慢等。本项目拟以具有优异性能的憎水性离子液体为电解液构造新型锂-空气电池，结合高效正极纳米阵列催化剂解决上述问题。通过研究在离子液体电解液中在纳米阵列催化剂表面的氧还原反应和氧析出反应机理，为纳米阵列催化剂的设计提供指导依据；利用多种材料制备手段设计锂-空气电池的纳米阵列催化剂，通过对纳米阵列催化剂的结构调控与组成调节，探索其对锂-空气电池性能的影响，揭示纳米阵列催化剂与电池性能及电化学参数的内在联系，从而为制备具有应用前景的电动汽车用锂-空气电池提供理论基础和技术。

中文关键词： 金属-空气电池；电催化；碳材料；二氧化锰；氧还原

英文摘要： As one new type of battery systems, lithium-air batteries have attracted great attention because of their higher specific energy density and environmental friendliness and have great potential applications in the field of electric vehicles. However, electrochemical performances for lithium-air batteries are subject to various problems: such as lower charge and discharge efficiency, lower discharge capacity, short cycle life, and slow reaction rate. Herein, the purpose of this project is planned to fabricate novel lithium-air batteries with enhanced performances, using hydrophobic ionic liquid as the electrolyte and highly efficient cathode nano-array catalysts. It can direct us to design the nano-array catalysts through studying the oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) and oxygen evolution reactions (OERs) in an ionic liquid doped with Li salt on carbon fabric electrode to establish the reaction mechanism. It is useful to investigate catalyst-dependent electrochemical performances of lithium-air batteries and study the related theories by adjusting structure and composite of nano-array catalysts prepared by various methods. It is expected to provide theoretic directions and technologies to prepare potential lithium-air batteries for electric vehicles through our study.

英文关键词： Metal-air battery；electrocatalysis；carbon；MnO2；ORR