【国际】挪威制定适用加密货币服务提供商的反洗钱规则

2018 年 10 月 8 日 互联网金融

挪威金融监管局(Financial Supervisory Authority of Norway)正在实施适用于该国加密货币交易和存储提供商的新反洗钱规定。该法律将于10月15日生效，将影响在挪威成立的公司，包括海外公司在挪威设立的分支机构。

新规将于10月15日生效

挪威金融监督管理局(FSA) Finanstilsynet周四宣布，该国财政部已经制定了新的反洗钱法规，适用于“挪威虚拟货币交易和存储服务提供商”。

虽然新规将于10月15日生效，但企业必须在2019年1月15日前做出对应措施以遵守法规。监管机构表示：

这项法律适用于在挪威成立的公司，包括外国公司在挪威的分支机构。Finanstilsynet将确保虚拟货币交易和存储提供商遵守反洗钱规则。然而，FSA没有任何与监管这些提供商的其他领域相关的工作，比如投资者保护。

对加密货币服务提供商的影响

新的《反洗钱法》规定的义务适用于加密货币存储服务和提供任何加密货币和法币(如挪威克朗)交易服务的提供商以及“通过连接买卖双方以促成交易和兑换的平台”。Finanstilsynet写道：

不同种类的虚拟货币之间的兑换(如比特币对以太坊)不适用本法。

该监管机构表示，代表客户存储私人密钥的公司被认为参与了“虚拟货币的转让、存储或购买”，因此适用于该新法规。然而，“不存储私有密码密钥（通常称为非托管钱包）的存储解决方案不受该监管规则的约束。

对客户的影响

根据新规定，受影响的加密货币服务提供商必须向Finanstilsynet注册，并提供必要的文件，该机构描指出：

因此，客户必须接受身份认证审查，且会被问到诸如交易的目的或资金来源等问题。

这些规则还对加密货币服务提供商提出了报告要求。监管机构表示，“以私人目的购买或出售自己虚拟货币的个人”以及偶尔“帮助朋友和熟人买卖虚拟货币”的个人将不受新《反洗钱法》的申报要求的约束。

英文原文

The Financial Supervisory Authority of Norway is enforcing new money laundering regulations that apply to crypto exchange and storage providers in the country. The law will go into effect on Oct. 15 and will affect companies established in Norway including branches of overseas companies.

New Rules Effective Oct. 15

Finanstilsynet, the Financial Supervisory Authority (FSA) of Norway, announced Thursday that the country’s Ministry of Finance has established new money laundering regulations which apply to “Norwegian providers of virtual currency exchange and storage services.”

While the new rules will go into effect on Oct. 15, companies have until Jan. 15 next year to comply. “The law applies to reporting companies established in Norway, including branches of foreign companies,” the regulator clarified, adding:

Finanstilsynet will ensure that virtual currency exchange and storage providers comply with the money laundering rules. However, FSA does not have any tasks related to the monitoring of other areas of these providers, such as investor protection.

Affected Crypto Providers

The obligations under the new Money Laundering Act apply to crypto storage services and providers offering exchange services between any cryptocurrencies and fiat currencies, such as the Norwegian kroner.

The law also applies to “platforms that facilitate trading and exchanges by connecting buyers and sellers,” Finanstilsynet wrote, emphasizing:

Exchanging between different types of virtual currencies (eg from bitcoin to ethereum) is not included.

The regulator detailed that firms storing private keys on behalf of customers are considered to be involved in “the transfer, storage or purchase of virtual currency” and are therefore included in the new regulations. However, “Storage solutions that do not store private cryptographic keys (often referred to as non-custodial wallets) are not covered by the regulations.”

Impact on Customers

Under the new rules, affected providers must register with Finanstilsynet and provide necessary documents, the agency described, noting:

Consequently, customers must expect to identify and receive questions such as the purpose of a transaction or the origin of funds, etc.

The rules also impose reporting requirements on crypto service providers. However, “Individuals who buy or sell their own virtual currencies for private purposes” and those who occasionally “assist friends and acquaintances with the purchase and sale of virtual currencies” will not be subject to the reporting requirements under the new money laundering rules, the regulator detailed.

作者：Kevin Helms
编译：Libert
稿源（译）：巴比特资讯